War Babies & Boomers

At the planning meeting we decided to meet every few months to discuss a particular topic – probably related to the time of year.   If you want to join us contact Ann McGillivray.  Please send your contact details: name, email address, phone number and membership number to warbabies@eastwoodu3a.org

What was your favourite toy when you were small? Do certain songs, LPs, films, books remind you of periods of your life? Which teacher influenced you (good or bad) during your school days? Food, games, homes, holidays. So many things from our childhood and beyond made us the people we are today.

This is Social History. Not kings and queens, politicians, world events, but OUR story, our memories. We need to record them before they are forgotten, and lost forever.

August 24 – Fashions
At the last meeting in August we discussed Fashions during our earlier years.  There was a lot to talk about – we have experienced many fashion changes over the years!
One of our pre-war babies remembered the austerity of the war when dresses were mostly functional, with extra lengths added as she grew.  She certainly does not like the modern fashion of tiered dresses!
Fashion became better shaped in the 1950s, with fitted waists and longer A-line skirts.  Many remembered the ready-cut-out dresses offered by magazines like Woman’s Own, that were received ready to sew up.  They were very elegant with button fronts and flaring skirts.
Working men in the 1940s and early 50s changed into their ‘best’ clothes – double- or single-breasted suits with baggy trousers, shirts and ties, and well-polished shoes – when they ‘went out’ after work, or when they were at the sea-side.  The only concession to holiday attire being open-necked shirts and plimsolls.  Young boys and youths also had jackets and trousers for ‘best’.
Young girls at that time were dressed in smaller versions of their mother’s clothes, with hand-knitted cardigans and jumpers, and white or grey ankle socks, with lace-up shoes in winter and t-bar sandals in summer.  Older girls progressed into women’s wear when they started work at 14 or 15.
Fashion for young people – now known as ‘teenagers’ – altered in the late fifties when our music idols changed from crooners to rock-and-rollers. We imported our fashion-sense from America – with girls wearing figure-hugging blouses, pinched in waists and wide skirts with multi-layered underskirts. To hide our stomachs, we started wearing roll-ons with garters attached to hold our stockings up. Or we wore ankle socks in neon colours: shocking pink, lime green, electric blue, and wide, elastic belts.  Our hair was BIG!  Set on big, sponge or spikey rollers (how did we ever sleep with them in?) back-combed, and sprayed with lacquer.  We had pan-cake make-up and mascara that needed spit before it could be applied, and bright red lipstick.
Teenage boys also wore bright, neon socks with their Levi’s or skin-tight jeans and winkle-picker shoes.  It was all about‘the look’ for them: hair styles became more than ’short-back-and-sides’, they wanted to be noticed.  Crew-cuts, kiss-curls, sideboards, DA’s and plenty of Brylcream.
The sixties brought in a new era of British fashion, along with British pop, rock, folk and blues musicians: The Beatles, Rolling Stones, Manfred Mann, The Who, Bryan Ferry, Lulu, Marianne Faithful, and Sandy Shaw. Men wore made-to-measure suits of varying styles from Burtons, Weavers, or Hepworths.  They had colourful shirts, and ties ranging from knitted, kipper, bootlace, and ankle boots with Cuban heelsand chisel toes. Their hair became looser styled and shaped to match the musicians they followed.
Mary Quant and Twiggy changed the shape of women’s fashion for a generation: miniskirts, and geometric dresses were IN in the early 1960’s, with short hair styles and white make-up to show off black, or blue shaded eyes and pale lips.  Stockings were replaced with tights and knee-length boots, or stiletto heels.  The later sixties saw a Californian psychedelic period of long, peasant dresses, Afghan embroidered coats, sandals and beads,  but the mini skirt was still dominant.

So, what have I missed?  Hot Pants; Duster coats; knitted tank-tops; Carmen rollers; platform shoes and 1970’s clogs.  I am sure you can think of more.

Ann McGillivray


June 2024 – Family Holidays
It came as some surprise to realise how different family holiday memories were at the meeting, and that each one was, in many ways, unique.

From regular two-week caravan holidays during pit or factory annual shut-downs, to camping in the South of France, or army family holidays in Germany where you could expect to hear – and learn – three different languages.

We  remembered holidays in Ingoldmells, Trusthorpe, Chapel St Leonards, Mablethorpe, or further afield: Scarborough, Llandudno, Rhyl, Eastbourne, Margate, or the Isle of Wight. Many stayed in caravans on sites with communal toilets and showers, and standpipes where water was collected to fill storage tanks under the caravan. There were memories of calor gas for cooking, and the lights that popped when lighted, carrying the nostalgic aroma that can be remembered today.

Holidays with family members who conveniently lived by the sea, meant taking camp beds, bedding and provisions.  Seaside landladies were generally strict about guests vacating the boarding house after breakfast and not returning till late afternoon, so families would leave loaded down with everything from beach balls, buckets and spades, lunchtime picnic, rainwear, bathers and swimsuits, and towels. This was one time when a large family came in handy! One member spoke about a more friendly Scarborough landlady who would cook the family’s evening meal from provisions bought by her mother in the morning before they left for the beach.

How did we travel? Family car, hired car, coach, train, – railway worker’s family travelled to Mablethorpe by rail free in May.

As well as swimming, or paddling in the sea, we made sandcastles, played cricket and other beach games, buried dads in the sand, and rolled down sand dunes.  So soon after the war, some of us played on bomb sites, or in bomb shelters.

And then there was Butlin’s, unique in our childhood, but soon followed by other holiday camps. Apparently, it cost £12.10 shillings for a week in 1956. Many of us went to Skegness, some of us went to others, like Pwhellli, where we enjoyed the swimming pools, outdoor and indoor organised games and competitions – knobbly knees, glamorous grannies and beauty queens.  Evening entertainment was provided by talented Red Coats who encouraged everyone to take part.

Other memories included seeing elephants in Blackpool being led into the sea to bathe; Blackpool Wintergardens; the overhead railway at Southport; end of pier shows with well-known acts; ruched and stretchy bathers; sticks of rock; Sunshine Corner volunteers entertaining children on the beach; and, of course, the Waites photographers snapping photos of happy families, to be collected at the end of the day from the seafront booths.

What do you remember?                                                                                   Ann McGillivray

April 24 – Games and Pastimes
Goodness! I didn’t realise – until we got together – just how many things we used to do as children.  During the summer holidays, which seemed to last forever, we were hardly ever indoors, so I will begin with our outdoor activities.

Most of us had access to fields, woods, streams, and rivers. Or we played in the streets, where little or no traffic got in our way as most households had no car – or the one car took the wage earner to work. We played hide and seek in farmers’ fields; paddled in streams; found tadpoles and took them home in jam jars. We rode our bikes, or go-carts that had been put together with planks of wood and pram wheels, and bits of washing line.  At the end of summer there was conkers, pea shooters made from the hollow stems of wild cow parsley, catapults (or as I knew them – gadders), and bows and arrows. On windy days we flew home-made kites.

Some of us mastered roller skates.  Girls, and sometimes boys, skipped alone – do you remember ‘Nebuchadnezzar the king of the Jews’, doing a double skip on the last word? – or as a group, with one person at one end of the rope and the other tied to a lamppost, turning while we jumped in and skipped to rhymes.  We played rounders, French cricket, hopscotch, What Time is it Mr Wolf?, Farmer’s in His Den, Can’t Cross the River, Knock Down Ginger, British Bulldog or Piggy in the Middle.  We had whips and tops, and, once mastered, could keep the top spinning for ages.  We used empty tin cans and a piece of rope to make stilts to walk on, or, replacing the rope with string, we played spies, stretching the string from one end of the street to the other, and sending ‘secret’ messages.

How many of us mastered the hula hoop, yoyo, juggling, or diabolo? Who could do handstands – or even go over into the crab? Some of us made our own ‘mouthorgans’ with a comb and tissue paper, or made drums out of saucepans and thought we were Cliff and the Shadows.

Local playgrounds were magical – and pretty dangerous – places, where kids gathered around huge metal slides that burned the bum on hot days, and was surrounded by tarmac. Round-a-bouts or Bobbies helmets, climbing frames, and long swings that could accommodate 8 people, pushed to frightening heights by  grinning bystanders.  How did we survive?

As evening came we played quieter, less rowdy games, snobs (with various regional names like 5-stones), marbles, pick-up-sticks, two-ball, skimming cigarette cards.

And to finish off the day, after tea, families would walk through the fields, or by the river to the pub, sit in the pub garden, eating crisps and drinking pop before a tiring walk home.

Ann McGillivray

February 2024
Our topic for the February meeting was WINTER. Most of us recalled the winter of 1963 – Blizzards of snow for over two months; 30 foot snow drifts in Yorkshire; sledging down the steep streets in Mapperley, or on tin trays on frozen fields.  One member told of taking the top off their mother’s twin tub washing machine and using that as a sledge! Some remembered the winter of 1946/7, which, by all accounts was worse than 63, not just cold, but lots of deep snow. Another member was in East Anglia during the terrible floods there of 1953.

Other winters brought: school playgrounds turned into slides (with a regular number of broken limbs); water pipes thawed using blow torches; smogs so thick it was impossible to see; gas fires attached to walls; coal fires – usually in just one room – causing chimney fires – but the ashes came in useful to scatter over icy pavements; frozen milk bottles , or school milk thawed on radiators, ugh! Buses cancelled, so long walks home; frozen washing on lines; chilblains and hot aches; going home crying after playing outside with frozen hands and feet – then changing socks and gloves (or more socks on hands) and going out again!

As well as hot water bottles, some put hot oven shelves, wrapped in towels, or stone hot water bottles in beds to warm them.  There was ice on the inside of windows, cold lino to walk on, cold bedrooms, sometimes warmed with paraffin heaters; layers of clothes, even in bed.

Those were the days, eh?

April 2022 – Cinemas and Films   
We remembered Saturday mornings in the flea pit, double seats for ‘courting’ couples, usherettes, cowboy films, war films, Disney – Bambi, Snow White – stars of the 50s, early James Bond films etc.

May 2021 –Fetes and galas – Coronation/whit walks

Our last meeting was a lively discussion on memories surrounding festivals, special occasions and local fairs, fetes and galas.

Few were able to remember the Festival of Britain in 1951, but several memories of the coronation were recalled, including children’s parties at various venues, dressing up in crepe paper outfits (that suffered from exposure to the rain on the day!).

Memories of Gala queens and parades on local gala days spoke of picking a gala queen and her attendants to represent the area in charity events for the year; riding in the long processional parades on lorries dressed as floats; having pennies, collected for charities, thrown onto the floats (and often hitting the people on the float!), ending in a field or park where faiground rides and picnics were enjoyed

Wakes week and local fairs and circuses were remembered.  Most towns and villages had annual (and sometimes quarterly) visiting fairground  people, with rides, dodgems, swingboats, waltzers and stalls.  Circuses closed the main streets to parade animals, acrobats and clowns, advertising their performances.

Whit walks and Sunday School anniversaries were occassions for new clothes, as well as learning songs and ‘recitations’ and sitting on the ‘platform’ – rickety staging that wouldn’t meet today’s safety standards!

March 2021 -Radio programmes/music

‘We were blessed with Music while you Work when in Germany, I can’t remember much else. When T.V. was introduced, my Dad got a rental one from Rediffusion. He sat in his rocker and what he watched was what you watched, so I got into cricket. Freddie Truman fascinated me. Why did he not cut off his sleeve, then he would not have had to keep rolling it up? My sister and I were glued to radio Luxemburg and then the pirate radios, London and Caroline as we were in our teens’.

“Our house was surrounded by fields and an orchard but there was also a factory at the bottom of the garden.  In the summer the windows were wide open and Workers’ Playtime was on the radio, also Housewives Choice and Music While you Work (theme tune Calling all Workers by Eric Coates).

Memories were triggered during the meeting once one programme was mentioned:

Friday – Friday Night is Music Night, mostly, I think, music played by the BBC RadioOrchestra.

Saturday – Children’s Favourites with Uncle Mac with such regular songs as The Runaway train went over the track and she blew!; Casey Jones; Burl Ives, the Boleweavel song; but also Tubby the Tuba; The Laughing Policeman; Teddybears Picnic; Sorcerer’s Apprentice; Max Bygraves I’m a Pink Toothbrush, you’re a blue toothbrush; Charlie Drake.

In town tonight – was it a young Richard Dimbleby who presented it? (theme tune Knightsbridge March by Eric Coates).

Sunday – Children’s Favourites; Two-way Family Favourites, Billy Cotton Band Show; Educating Archie (Peter Brough the ventriloquist), Clitheroe Kid, Navy Lark, Hancock’s Half Hour, Life with the Lyons, Beyond our Ken, Round the Horn.

Sunday evening: Sing Something Simple, and the Black & White Minstrels.

Every weekday there was ‘Listen with Mother’, a short 15-minute slot at about 1.45pm every day was for the youngest listeners. It consisted mainly of a short story, some Nursery Rhyme reading and a song.

“Everything stopped at quarter to seven every week-night in our house for mum to listen to The Archers, Doris and Dan, old Walter Gabriel, Peggy and Tom Forrest… An Everyday Story of Country Folk.

Memories of the old huge wireless with foreign stations on the dials, Helvitia and Luxemburg.  Luxemburg was the station where you could listen to all the latest hits by such artists as Bobby Darin, Tom Jones, Bobby Vee, Helen Shapiro, Lonnie Donegan, Billy Fury. And where the first advertisements for cigarettes and football pools were heard. Many remembered The Ovaltinies Club on Luxemburg. Later came the pirate radio stations, but Luxemburg was always the most reliable for the latest Top Twenty charts in the ‘50’s and ‘60’s.

BBC programmes usually stuck to tried and tested artists like Shirley Bassey, Johnnie Ray, David Whitfield, Frankie Vaughn, the Beverley Sisters, and the REAL oldies like Joseph Locke, Ronnie Renaldo and Victor Sylvester. But the BBC also introduced many youngsters to the jazz of Acker Bilk, Johnny Dankworth and Cleo Lane, Dave Brubeck, Kenny Ball, Satchmo and Ella Fitzgerald.

We deviated towards the end of the meeting to talk about the many live venues there were in Nottingham and Nottinghamshire during the 50’s and 60’s: Mansfield Palais; and Nottingham’s Elizabethan Rooms, Sherwood Rooms, Locarno, Boat Club (where many ‘yet to be famous’ groups appeared), the TBI (Trent Bridge Inn) was the home of Trad Jazz, with acts such as Kenny Ball and Cleo Lane appearing.  Cinemas like The Odeon and Empire held live concerts, as well as the old Ice Stadium.  It was possible to go dancing to live music practically every night of the week at one venue or another in Nottingham during that era.

February 2021 – Education (+  Infectious diseases and vaccinations
At our last meeting on 23rd February 2021 our main topic was Education, but, as we all have had, or
are about to have injections for Covid, we talked briefly about infectious diseases prevalent when we were children. Several people mentioned having measles and having to spend up to two weeks in a dark room to prevent damage to their eyes. Polio was an illness that caused breathing
difficulties and muscle wastage. Images of rows of people lying in iron lungs in hospital were frightening, and we remembered children in leg callipers to help them walk. Mumps and chickenpox were also easily caught infections (sometimes children were taken to chickenpox ‘parties’ so that they would catch the disease). German measles (rubella) was another disease with little impact on
children, but could be disastrous for pregnant women, as it could cause birth defects to their unborn babies.
As for Education, the corporal punishment in the form of ruler strikes on the legs and knuckles, gym slipper on the backside for boys, and, in extreme cases, the cane, doled out at my primary school, was not prevalent in other primary and infant schools. Naughty children were told to put their fingers to their lips, or hands on their heads. Punishment at secondary schools usually consisted of
being sent to wait outside the headmaster’s office for suitable retribution. Even the youngest schoolchildren were expected to walk, often crossing several busy roads, or travel by bus and/or train, alone to school.
Primary education took place in various locations: a church hall; little village schools with outside toilet blocks; country schools with only one teacher for the whole school; primary schools with sandpit and water to play in, before graduating to junior school; single sex schools. A daughter of a serviceman attended several different primary schools, including one in Gutersloh, Germany, before settling in Derby, where she attended grammar school. One person remembered writing on slate with chalk at her small primary school. Most remembered learning times tables, up to the 12 times table; weights and measures; poetry,
and £.S.d by rote – and being able to recite them still. Country dancing, singing, and the BBC broadcasts of education programmes, delivered via a radio in a huge cabinet were lasting memories.
Children as young as five or six were the subject of bullying, due to perceived differences or
disabilities.
Everyone was expected to sit the 11+ exam. For some it was an ordeal, mock exams practiced over several weeks; others barely remembered taking it. In our school only 3 boys and 2 girls passed, while in a London school all but 4 boys passed, as was the expectation. There were mixed feelings among those who received their ‘pass’ results. Some wanted to go to the same school as their friends so turned down their place, causing arguments between their parents. One gained a direct grant to a girls grammar school, part of a convent, where she and her classmates were taught to be ‘little ladies’, learning sewing and how to become good wives. Some science was taught, but without
science labs, and with the need to carry buckets of water for experiments, it was rudimentary.
Most enjoyed secondary school, some for the sport, others cookery, needlework, metalwork and woodwork. One lived near Aldershot Barracks and the school used the barracks’ swimming pool and sports hall. One hated the idea of playing hockey, so was allowed to do cross-country running with another girl instead. One said she had very little recollection of the years spent at grammar school,except that it was hard work. Another recalled spending the last three months at school with nothing to do, so spent the time in the library.